*You can also browse our support articles here >. Nurses are in constant and close interaction with others and all aspects of nursing needs a high degree of interpersonal communication (Pallen, 2000). Leininger started writing in the 1960's and her theory of transcultural nursing, also known as Culture Care Diversity and Universality, has turned out to be groundbreaking work in the nursing arena and been extensively implemented in western countries (Andrews & Boyle, 1995; Papadopoulos, 2004; Price & Cortis, 2000; Fawcett, 2002; Lister, 1999; Culturally congruent care is possible when the following occurs in the nurse-patient relationship: Together the nurse and the client creatively design a new or different care lifestyle for the health or well-being of the client. In nonwestern cultures, using the term person or individual may be culturally taboo as it does not agree with the collectivism concept of the culture and are too egocentric whereas in western cultures, person and individualism are the dominating concepts. The evaluation of individuals in the process of cultural analysis forces the nurse to seek inherent cultural knowledge and values that exist within the client. It is very clear that Leiningers Culture Care Theory has shed light on the weaknesses of this metaparadigm of nursing. Hence, cultural competence is a crucial concept to pursue in the nursing practice to provide patients with improved and satisfactory health care. With regard to the critical concerns about the metaparadigm concept, Leiningers approach is based on the modified perception of the nursing discipline that is primarily focused on care and culture. Rajan (1995) explains that existentialism gives an account of how an individual consciousness apprehends existence (p. 452). Published: 11th Feb 2020, Canada is not a melting pot in which the individuality of each element is destroyed in order to produce a new and totally different element. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company, LLC. "Evaluation of Madeleine Leiningers Culture Care Theory." As a result, the conceptual framework allows representational analysis of culture care diversities and universality in an attempt to seek holistic nursing knowledge that meets the needs of a multicultural society (Butts & Rich, 2010). This is also analogous with the swift social change that the nursing world is facing today, on a worldwide scale. Jeffreys (2008) reveals that the theory has sometimes led to the formulation of imprecise clinical decisions, especially where nurses fail to draw clear inferences about cultural congruence. The theory addresses the need to integrate nursing techniques and anthropological concepts to nurse diseases from a cultural outlook of a patient. Copyright 2003 - 2023 - NursingAnswers.net is a trading name of Business Bliss Consultants FZE, a company registered in United Arab Emirates. These theories offered nurses a new approach to knowledge and provided a means to systematically order, analyze and interpret information and buy, doing so, develop nursing knowledge through which nurses might evaluate their thinking and reflect on their actions during patient care ( Pearson, 2007; Nancy Edgecombe) Culture Care diversity and Universality was written in the style of an American mid-range theory of the time and Leininger employed the concepts of person, environment, nursing and health which were popular with American theorists. Leininger like Watson also viewed caring as the essence of nursing and unique to the profession. In 1995, Leininger defined transcultural nursing as a substantive area of study and practice focused on comparative cultural care (caring) values, beliefs, and practices of individuals or groups of similar or different cultures with the goal of providing culture-specific and universal nursing care practices in promoting health or well-being or to help people to face unfavorable human conditions, illness, or death in culturally meaningful ways.. It explains the interaction between the provider of culture care and the patient (Jeffreys, 2008). Clients who experience nursing care that fails to be reasonably congruent with their beliefs, values, and caring lifeways will show signs of cultural conflicts, noncompliance, stresses and ethical or moral concerns. Leininger (2010) articulates that her knowledge was based on both similarities and differences of one culture to another culture and is supported in her statement, the most important feature of the theory was to conceptualize culture care by searching for diversities and universalities (p. 10). This is especially important since so many peoples culture is so integral in who they are as individuals, and it is that culture that can greatly affect their health, as well as their reactions to treatments and care. 2022. McFarland, M., & Wehbe-Alamah, H. (2015). Yet this progression in knowledge seems largely to be unacknowledged within transcultural nursing theory, which has continued to rely on the anthropological constructs originally penned by Leininger. Leiningers theory has not only advanced her own philosophy but has founded the development of transcultural nursing and a number of later models that have contributed to transcultural nursing today. This paper focuses on the two nursing theories comparison. I serve as a clinical staff nurse in the Respiratory Care Unit (RCU) at Jackson Health System where we deal with patients who suffer from tuberculosis. All these theorists have developed different concepts throughout the years subjected to individual interpretations, but I belief that the four metaparadigms have been the core concept of these theories. Leininger found the four concepts of person, health, environment and nursing which are the definitive metaparadigm of nursing questionable, limited, inappropriate, and inadequate to explain or fully discover nursing especially ideas bearing on transcultural nursing (Leininger & MacFarland, 2006, p.6). Nursing is a learned profession with a disciplined focus on care phenomena. Moreover, early psychiatric interventions seemed too outdated for her to realise the needs of a culturally diverse society. https://nursingbird.com/transcultural-nursing-theory-by-madeleine-leininger/. 3 between culture and care. Culture Care Diversity refers to the differences in meanings, values, or acceptable forms of care in or between groups of people. Leininger describes them as, emic knowledge was the natural, local, indigenous root care values. The Transcultural Nursing Theory addresses both general practice and specialty and aims at providing culturally coherent nursing care. For a nursing discipline, these theories consist of four basic concepts that address the patient as a whole, the patient's health and well-being, the patient's environment and the nursing responsibilities. Eventually, a nurse will be able to appreciate diverse cultures and apply past experiences to future patient care. StudyCorgi, 16 Apr. Madeleine Leininger was born on July 13th, 1925 in the small town of Sutton Nebraska. It helps nurses to be understanding and respectful of the diversity that is often very present in a nurses patient load. Info: 5614 words (22 pages) Nursing Essay .^\__b? In the Transcultural Nursing theory, nurses have a responsibility to understand the role of culture in the health of the patient. The Transcultural Nursing Theory pursues discovering, documenting, knowing, and explaining the interdependence of care and culture phenomena with differences and similarities between and among cultures (Kasper & Zoucha, 2019, p. 3). Contrast Of Roy And Orems Nursing Theory Nursing Essay. Furthermore, it contributed to the project on increasing the medical personnel knowledge about cultures the health industry usually faces. It was the first theory directed toward discovering and applying culturally based research care knowledge in nursing that was gathered through cultural informants. However, Leininger realized that there was more to consider, as Crowell supports by acknowledging that although existentialism does not disregard the medical model, it recognizes that it does not completely account for all human existence (2010). Explains that the concept of person needs to be explored to go into further depth with the remaining concepts of the metaparadigm of nursing. Given this crisis, which changed the approaches taken to both methodology and method in anthropology, the original ethnographical approach utilized by Leininger and still employed for the methodology of ethno-science and data collection in transcultural nursing, may not be relevant or as able to claim truths as it was once believed. Culturally congruent nursing care can only happen when the patient, family, or community values, expressions, or patterns are known and used appropriately, and in meaningful ways by the nurse with the people. The map highlights the core aspects with the use of the CCT model situated within the constructivist qualitative paradigm, as well as the ethno-nursing research. The presentation of the model correlates with the anthropological concepts that help nurses elucidate knowledge about multicultural beliefs, values, norms, and practices. The theory has now developed into a discipline in nursing. At the same year, the University of Cincinnati absorbed her to work as an Associate Professor and Director of the Graduate Programme in Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing and Psychology (Jeffreys, 2008). Every human culture has lay care knowledge and practices and usually some professional care knowledge and practices which vary transculturally. N,\GXX>$&`Yj*7s E,F*`o= $sm@"mB@R NursingBird, 16 July 2022, nursingbird.com/transcultural-nursing-theory-by-madeleine-leininger/. Josephine Paterson & Loreta Zderad 17. Leiningers point of views and theory resulted from both a nursing and an anthropological background (Leininger, 1995). As Andrews (2008) proposes, Transcultural nurses have taken action and are transforming nursing and healthcare in many places in the world (p.13). Madeleine states of the impacts of the interaction of physical and social factors on the health and well-being of the people receiving care. The model is holistic and addresses worldview, cultural values, beliefs and lifeways, cultural and social structural factors, it focuses on individuals, groups and institutions. If you are the original creator of this paper and no longer wish to have it published on StudyCorgi, request the removal. The implementation of the theory through the establishment of the transcultural nursing society makes it more explicit since it proves the functionality of the theory by the application of expertise knowledge (Sagar, 2012). 16 April. From its beginning, transcultural nursing has existed within a framework of race and ethnicity, with the fundamental promise that the term culture refers primarily, if not exclusively to ethnicity. Leininger describes herself as an anthropologist and a nurse. The social environment within which nursing takes place in Canada is multicultural (no ref). Leininger explicitly defined the conceptual framework for her culture care theory. Culture care values, beliefs, and practices are influenced in the context of a particular culture. These metaparadigm concepts are defined below: Care. Later, in 1954, she received a Master of Science Degree in Nursing at the Catholic University of America. Emic refers to the beliefs, values, practices, and knowledge that belong to patients, while etic refers to the same factors but concerning . We'll deliver a custom Nursing paper tailored to your requirements with a good discount. Transcultural Nursing Theory by Madeleine Leininger. In contrast, etic care knowledge was derived from outsider views of non-local or non-indigenous care values and beliefs (2010, p. 10). (Fawcett,2002). Leininger identified three nursing decisions and actions that achieve culturally friendly care for the patient. Ayiera, F. (2016). NursingBird. Do you have a 2:1 degree or higher in nursing or healthcare? Madeleine Leininger: Human being, family, group, community, or institution (p. 182). While it is important to look at a patient as a whole person from a physiological, psychological, spiritual, and social perspective, it is also important to take a patients culture and cultural background into consideration when deciding how to care for that patient.