The StackCommerce 2023 Travel Giveaway (the "Promotion") begins at 12:00:00 AM Pacific Time ("PT") on March 1st, 2023 and ends at 11:59:00 PM PT on March 31st, 2023 (the "Promotion Period"). e) relatedness, According to McClelland, it is __________. If not, Murray calls this a latent need. See Answer. a) MBO c.) Expectancy Process theories of motivation focus on which of the following? For example, our need for water takes precedence over our need for social interaction (this is also called prepotency). d) improving hygiene factors will prevent people from being dissatisfied. b) instrumentality is high and expectancy and valence are low Maslow condensed human needs into a manageable set. c) an employee's responsibility to teach their managers of personal need profiles required for success in different jobs Again, there are no easy answers. Hygiene needs, on the other hand, must be met to avoid dissatisfaction (but do not necessarily provide satisfaction or motivation).15. Vroom's expectancy theory argues that work motivation is determined by an individual's beliefs regarding the linkage between effort and performance, the linkage between performance and work outcomes, and the value placed on those work outcomes. High social power seekers are concerned with goals that a work group has set for itself, and they are motivated to influence others to achieve the goal. You can think of content theories of motivation as focusing on WHAT will motivate us. Describe a content theory of motivation. Factors inside the person that cause people to perform tasks, intrinsic motivation, arise out of performing a task in and of itself, because it is interesting or fun to do. They have very strong desires for feedback about how well they are doing. b) Instrumentality The need for affiliation (nAff) reflects a desire to establish and maintain warm and friendly relationships with other people. They simply dont exert as much effort in this area as high-nAff people do. Sustainability should be visible both within and outside the company. Two features of needs are key to understanding motivation. e. Carl Jung. e.) Inducement. Jobs that pay well and that are performed in safe, clean working conditions with adequate supervision and resources directly or indirectly satisfy these lower-order needs. These eight types of intelligence represent the varied ways individuals process information. Other people have lower affiliation needs. Therapy in which the goal is to help clients overcome problems by learning to think more rationally and logically. To feed, help, support, console, protect, comfort, nurse, heal. Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: Further, evidence in support of the three need categories and their order tends to be stronger than evidence for Maslows five need categories and their relative order. 51. According to Roy's Adaptation Model, the adaptive modes includes all the following, EXCEPT: A. Physiologic Needs B. Self Concept C. Role Function D. Interdependence E. Achievement Answer Key 4. consent of Rice University. Hedonism, one of the first motivation theories, assumes that people are motivated to satisfy mainly their own needs (seek pleasure, avoid pain). e) an employee's responsibility to develop need profiles required for success in their respective manager's jobs, b) possible to teach people to develop need profiles required for success in different jobs. The resulting frustration may make satisfying the unmet need even more important to usunless we repeatedly fail to satisfy that need. a) Lower-order needs become more important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. relation to the euro, what is the To quit embarrassing situations or to avoid conditions that may lead to belittlement or the scorn or indifference of others. Busi 240 Liberty University Quiz 3BUSI 240 Quiz 2. All of the following characteristics apply to the prokaryotes except A. Prep for a quiz or learn for fun!. d) the different needs that an individual is trying to satisfy a) Reinforcement These precepts from SDT are entirely consistent with earlier discussions of theories by McClelland, Maslow, Alderfer, and Herzberg. d) People with a high need for achievement will also have a high need for affiliation. b. providing a value system. In Maslow's needs hierarchy, __________ needs must be satisfied before __________ needs are activated, and __________ needs must be satisfied before __________ needs are activated, and so on. e) Growth, According to ERG, ____________ needs reflect a desire for continued personal development. Todays flexible, cost-conscious organizations have no room for top-heavy structures; their high-nAch employees perform their jobs well with minimal supervision. c) Hygiene factors do not prevent job dissatisfaction from occurring. They build empires, and they protect them. d) improving hygiene factors will prevent people from being dissatisfied. a) ERG theory collapses Maslow's five need levels into two need categories. Once satisfied, we focus on our ego and esteem needs. Performing well on this job wont satisfy their need to be around other people. How cognitive processes as thoughts and decisions within the minds of people influence their behavior. Otherwise, a manager high in nPow may satisfy this need through acquisition of personal power, to the detriment of the organization. <p>Official Rules</p> <p>NO PURCHASE NECESSARY TO ENTER OR WIN. When weve eaten to satiation, we are no longer motivated to eat. Extrinsic motivation increases as intrinsic motivation decreases! Once satisfied, challenging jobs, additional responsibilities, and prestigious job titles can help employees satisfy higher-order esteem needs. Multiple Choice Quiz. The theory of multiple intelligences, developed by Howard Gardner, posits that humans can possess eight different types of intelligence: musical-rhythmic, visual-spatial, verbal-linguistic, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic. Leadership theory classifications include all of the following EXCEPT: a. behavioral. Theyre more likely to go bowling with friends after work than to go home and watch television. e) It is too culture bound. First, when a need has been energized, we are motivated to satisfy it. nondirectivec. According to the company website, Bombas exists to help solve this problem, to support the homeless community, and to bring awareness to an under-publicized problem in the United States (n.p.). This doesnt mean that they avoid other people, or that they dislike others. a) distributive justice identify relevant leadership behaviors. Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: a) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. c) David McClelland SDT theory has interesting implications for the management of organizational behavior. d) understand individual employee needs and create work environments that respond to them. are licensed under a, Major Characteristics of the Manager's Job, How the Brain Processes Information to Make Decisions: Reflective and Reactive Systems, Administrative and Bureaucratic Management, External and Internal Organizational Environments and Corporate Culture, The Internal Organization and External Environments, Organizing for Change in the 21st Century, Ethics, Corporate Responsibility, and Sustainability, Dimensions of Ethics: The Individual Level, Ethical Principles and Responsible Decision-Making, Leadership: Ethics at the Organizational Level, Ethics, Corporate Culture, and Compliance, Emerging Trends in Ethics, CSR, and Compliance, Cultural Stereotyping and Social Institutions, Characteristics of Successful Entrepreneurs, Trends in Entrepreneurship and Small-Business Ownership, Strategic Analysis: Understanding a Firms Competitive Environment, Gaining Advantages by Understanding the Competitive Environment, A Firm's External Macro Environment: PESTEL, A Firm's Micro Environment: Porter's Five Forces, Competition, Strategy, and Competitive Advantage, The Strategic Management Process: Achieving and Sustaining Competitive Advantage, The Role of Strategic Analysis in Formulating a Strategy, Strategic Objectives and Levels of Strategy, Planning Firm Actions to Implement Strategies, Measuring and Evaluating Strategic Performance, An Introduction to Human Resource Management, Influencing Employee Performance and Motivation, Talent Development and Succession Planning, Benefits and Challenges of Workplace Diversity, Situational (Contingency) Approaches to Leadership, Substitutes for and Neutralizers of Leadership, Transformational, Visionary, and Charismatic Leadership, Opportunities and Challenges to Team Building, Factors Affecting Communications and the Roles of Managers, Managerial Communication and Corporate Reputation, The Major Channels of Management Communication Are Talking, Listening, Reading, and Writing, Formal Organizational Planning in Practice, Management by Objectives: A Planning and Control Technique, The Control- and Involvement-Oriented Approaches to Planning and Controlling, MTIIts Importance Now and In the Future, External Sources of Technology and Innovation, Internal Sources of Technology and Innovation, Management Entrepreneurship Skills for Technology and Innovation, Managing Now for Future Technology and Innovation, The New York City Metropolitan Transit Authority undertook a new approach to how they perform critical inspection and maintenance of subway components that are necessary to providing reliable service. Exhibit 14.6 shows how Maslows theory relates to factors that organizations can influence. Organizational behavior researchers often classify motivation in terms of what stimulates it. According to Maslow, Sharon is driven by which these needs? To escape from a dangerous situation. The cell theory includes all of the following EXCEPT: a) All living things are composed of cells. Considerable numbers of studies have demonstrated that tasks are intrinsically motivating when they satisfy at least one of three higher-order needs: competence, autonomy, and relatedness. The individual level does not impact the group level. As with nAch, nAff varies in intensity across individuals. Earrings Depot records bad debt using the allowance, balance sheet method. a. c) Esteem Sustainability should be tied to a higher purpose and foster a sense of unity not simply among employees, but even with competition at a societal level (Knowledge @ Wharton 2016). The second set of needs he termed hygienes. Hygienes relate to the work environment and are based in the basic human need to avoid pain. According to Herzberg, growth needs motivate us to perform well and, when these needs are met, lead to the experience of satisfaction. They recorded $97,440 in accounts receivable for the year and$288,550 in credit sales. e) The absence of motivator factors causes job dissatisfaction. To influence or direct the behavior of others by suggestion, seduction, persuasion, or command. These are expectations for Mintzberg's interpersonal role of ____. b) Motivation = expectancy X equity X rewards The key difference between theories of learning and models of teaching is that theories describe a. explicit strategies. The Anti-Immigration Protests Q9 - All of the following are policy/program implications from rational theories EXCEPT: Relatively high pay is necessary to sustain performance on certain low-skill jobs. Bitcoin or net neutrality, sea levels or factory farmingsocial causes bind us to a larger context or assume a higher purpose for living better. b) Feelings of inequity are determined solely by the individual's interpretation of the situation. Any discussion of needs that motivate performance would be incomplete without considering Abraham Maslow.8 Thousands of managers in the 1960s were exposed to Maslows theory through the popular writings of Douglas McGregor.9 Today, many of them still talk about employee motivation in terms of Maslows theory. The major implication for management is that some employee needs are latent. Accounting and Finance Political Theory (PLH-1) Criminal Law - II (0303) Masters of Business Administration export import (1723) Bsc Nursing (BNurs2011) Bachelors of Business Administration in Finance & Investment Analysis (BBA1) MBA (33A) Contract (140) MBA (CRIM) Bachler of art (eli) English (BCA302) Mechanical Engineering (BE MECH) Trending High-nAch people are not motivated by tasks that are too easy or extremely difficult. According to Alderfer, which needs reflect a desire for satisfying interpersonal relationships? b) safety. When extrinsic rewards are present, people do not feel like what they do builds competence, is self-determined, or enhances relationships with others. Theory choice. d) People are less comfortable when they are under-rewarded than when they are over-rewarded. Good pay by itself will only make the employee neutral toward work; to attain satisfaction, employees need challenging job duties that result in a sense of achievement. a) Self-actualization b) Equity, reinforcers, and goals c) Existence, relatedness, and growth Some jobs are by their very nature uninteresting and unlikely to be made interesting. a) Motivation = expectancy X instrumentality X valence The theories presented in this section focus on the importance of human needs. d) Higher-order safety. a) The multiplier effect is still in question. a) power. The two main psychological developmental theories include continuous and discontinuous development. They constantly ask how they are doing, sometimes to the point of being a nuisance. In a management by objectives approach, the supervisor and subordinate jointly establish performance goals, individually act, and jointly evaluate results and recycle the MBO process. If motivator needs are ignored, neither long-term satisfaction nor high motivation is likely. Which of the following statements is true with regards to the research on Maslow's needs hierarchy? e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. c) performance is higher with easy goals b.) Find (a) the final date on which the cash discount may be taken and (b) the amount necessary to pay the invoice in full if the cash discount is earned. The need for affiliation contributes to managerial success only in those situations where the maintenance of warm group relations is as important as getting others to work toward group goals. a.) e) ERG theory, 65. Rather than schedule these inspections during regular hours, they consulted with the maintenance workers, who suggested doing the inspections while sections of the subway were closed to trains for seven consecutive hours. c) Cells share similar chemical composition. 61. b) Physiological a) achievement d) Who will be a more appropriate manager for an employee exports to Europe? b) Hierarchy of needs theory To vindicate the ego. d) all three needs may not be activated at the same time true. a) Existence Pattern B. Rhythmicity C. Dependency D. Open system Answer Key 3. a) expectancy c) Higher-order needs become more important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. This need is oriented toward fulfilling responsibilities to the employer, not to the self. a.) David C. McClelland and his associates (especially John W. Atkinson) built on the work of Murray for over 50 years. Management by objectives is criticized for placing too much emphasis on goal-oriented rewards and punishments, top-down goals, goals that are easily stated in objective terms, and individual instead of group goals. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. Of the three needs studied by McClelland, nAch has the greatest impact. Joanna likes attention and is driven by seeking influence over others. e) relatedness, According to McClelland, someone with a high need for _________ is drawn to interpersonal relationships and opportunities for communication. Manny is classified as driven by a need for: a. d) working conditions. d) Interactional justice Many organizations manage the achievement needs of their employees poorly. One wonders if athletes like Tim Tebow are self-actualizing when they participate in multiple sporting endeavors at the professional level. c) hygiene factors involve the work setting or the environment in which people work. That is, we are motivated by intrinsic rewards, rewards that we more or less give ourselves. Content theories of work motivation include all of the following except the _____ theory. Concept related to Betty Neuman's System Model of Nursing is: A. High need for achievement can also be important, but it sometimes results in too much concern for personal success and not enough for the employers success. Understand the contributions that Murray, McClelland, Maslow, Alderfer, and Herzberg made toward an understanding of human motivation. Motivators, which relate to the jobs we perform and our ability to feel a sense of achievement as a result of performing them, are rooted in our need to experience growth and self-actualization. a) Positive inequity A need is a human condition that becomes energized when people feel deficient in some respect. Intrinsic rewards satisfy higher-order needs like relatedness and growth in ERG theory. (Credit: Stefan Chow/ flickr/ Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0)), https://openstax.org/books/principles-management/pages/1-introduction, https://openstax.org/books/principles-management/pages/14-2-content-theories-of-motivation, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. d) Motivation = expectancy X rewards X valence d) Higher and lower-order needs become equally important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. b) hygiene factors are sources of job dissatisfaction. They like situations where the probability of success is moderate. The unconscious is extremely difficult to study. Question 1 All of the following are criticisms of Freud's theory EXCEPT: Answers: Selected Answer: c. He relied on correlational methods. The theory of evolution is one of the fundamental keystones of modern biological theory.. 3. c) Self-actualization a) Distributive justice A latent need cannot be inferred from a persons behavior at a given time, yet the person may still possess that need. e) ERG theory, Manny has always been driven by the need to work more efficiently, solve problems, and master complex tasks. c.) Teachable Four componentssatisfaction progression, frustration, frustration regression, and aspirationare key to understanding Alderfers ERG theory. eclectic therapies d. Therapy in which the main goal is to change disordered or inappropriate behavior directly. 35. 53. Achievement needs become manifest when individuals experience certain types of situations. ERG also focuses attention explicitly on movement through the set of needs in both directions. If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a print format, To accept injury, blame, criticism, punishment. c) Expectancy In the case of extrinsic motivation, we endeavor to acquire something that satisfies a lower-order need. b) Motivator factors include a sense of achievement, recognition, and responsibility. d) Herzberg's two-factor theory. d) Social and esteem Designing jobs that are neither too challenging nor too boring is key to managing motivation. d) psychologically distorting the comparisons. Exhibit 14.6 illustrates Maslows proposed hierarchy of needs. The answer is, the success of many organizations is dependent on the nAch levels of their employees.6 This is especially true for jobs that require self-motivation and managing others. That is, before one type of need can manifest itself, other needs must be satisfied. social, esteem, and self-actualization. The Victims' Rights Movement. Which equation correctly reflects Vroom's expectancy theory of motivation? Needs must be maintained (we must continue to eat occasionally). Instead, create even more opportunities for employees to satisfy their needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness. Many companies are successfully motivating their staff, and working toward more sustainable practices, while improving lives directly. The genetic theory of aging states that lifespan is largely determined by the genes we inherit. Content theories explain work motivation in terms of what arouses, energizes, or initiates employee behavior. According to McClelland, Joanna has a high need for _____________. b) Esteem To make an impression. Manifest needs theory laid the groundwork for later theories, most notably McClellands learned needs theory, that have greatly influenced the study of organizational behavior. They avoid both simple and impossible situations. d) It holds that people try to resolve the inequities they perceive they are experiencing. Maslows theory is still popular among practicing managers. b) self esteem . e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. A PURCHASE DOES NOT INCREASE YOUR CHANCES OF WINNING. This makes nAch a personality trait as well as a statement about motivation. Maslows theory differs from others that preceded it because of this hierarchical, prepotency concept. That is, SDT posits that extrinsic rewards not only do not provide intrinsic motivation, they diminish it. e) the consequences of an individual's behavior, b) the amount of effort a person puts forth. We are not born with a high (or low) need for achievementwe learn to need success (or failure). Question 17:- Managerial implications for the SDT theory include: a) to motivate high performance for uninteresting jobs make performance contingent on extrinsic rewards. b) Equity Why? c) instrumentality A common thread through all of them is that people have a variety of needs.
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