Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. However, there is a paucity of research to address the possible impacts of the pedagogical shift integrated into new online platforms on learning, interaction, and assessment, especially in higher education settings from the vantage point of EFL Copyright 2023 Mental Health America, Inc. preparing for your wellness during the COVID-19 outbreak, College During COVID: Balancing Academics & Fun, One Love Foundation x Mental Health America, How The Human-Animal Bond Increases Resilience And Empowers Us To Thrive, Managing Video Anxiety During Teletherapy, COVID-19 And Loneliness: When It Seems Like No One Cares, Maintaining Hope In The Face Of Uncertainty, Preparing For The Holidays During COVID-19, Be Kind to Your Mind: Stress Coping Strategies During COVID-19 (Webinar Recording), Facebook Live: Support Animals and COVID-19 Anxiety, Processing Big Changes: Grief And Loss During COVID-19. But during COVID-19, the relevance of self-efficacy in predicting PERMA elements was limited to controllable factorsrelationships, meaning, and physical healthand the predictive role of self-efficacy overall was no longer significant (see Table 2). COVID-19 hastened a trend that was already ongoing before the pandemic outbreak: the progressively increasing use of distance and online teaching and learning, alongside with lectures and classes. Universities across the country closed for in-person instruction and activities, transitioning to remote learning. Stress Health, 31(3), 180188. Depression is a state of low mood that can lead to several negative outcomes on thoughts, emotions, behaviors, and even physical state. In Poland, the transfer to online teaching was announced without prior warning, which radically changed students' daily functioning. Coping strategies were evaluated using the Brief COPE questionnaire (Carver, 1997), which is a short form (28 items) of the original COPE inventory (Carver et al., 1989). A., Shensa, A., Escobar-Viera, C. G., Barrett, E. L., Sidani, J. E, Colditz, J. Future researchers should consider issues of internal consistency as they choose scales and interpret results. 2023. Youth can Optimism had a significant indirect effect on change in well-being compared to hope and resilience (see Table 3). Another thing you cant control? B. The following research questions guided our work: Participants High levels of stress are expected when crises affect peoples lives. Penguin Press. Visit your App store or the Houseparty Appwebsite. Int J Environ Res Public Health. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439760903157166, Gallagher, R. P. (2014). University students faced unprecedented challenges and stressors, especially Asian At a time of significant stress, promoting the highest human performance and adaptation not only helps with well-being in the midst of the challenge but also can provide a foundation for future potential for optimal well-being (Joseph & Linley, 2008). (Eds.). Thus, based on the current results and on the participatory model of intervention, a support program for students is proposed which would involve psychological, organizational, and instrumental support. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 2023 Feb 8;20(4):2988. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20042988. Wang X, Hegde S, Son C, Keller B, Smith A, Sasangohar F. J Med Internet Res. OH Flourishing (or well-being) is defined as a dynamic optimal state of psychosocial functioning that arises from functioning well across multiple psychosocial domains (Butler & Kern, 2016, p. 2). Fig 3. The statistical analysis showed that during the coronavirus pandemic, Polish students most often used the coping strategies of: acceptance, planning, and seeking Students at a United States university (N = 769) completed an online survey during fall 2020 and spring 2021 semesters. 2011;81: 101107: 10.1111/j.1939-0025.2010.01077.x Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ. 500 Montgomery Street,Suite 820Alexandria, VA. 22314Phone (703) 684.7722Toll Free (800) 969.6642Fax (703) 684.5968. * p < .05, ** p < .01. Washington Post. As expected, negative emotion and loneliness significantly increased during the period of COVID-19, impacting overall well-being in an adverse manner. Semantic Scholar is a free, AI-powered research tool for scientific literature, based at the Allen Institute for AI. The author(s) received no specific funding for this work. Fifty-four percent of the participants were undergraduate students (n = 326), and the remaining 46% were graduate students (n = 283). The coping strategy of active coping (mean) among students in individual program years, Fig 4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.11.013, Rabenu, E., Yaniv, E., & Elizur, D. (2017). The study further analyses the causes of Malaysian university students' grievances and challenges and psychological effects in Several researchers have found that relatively short training in PsyCap interventions, including web-based platforms (Dello Russo & Stoykova, 2015; Demerouti et al., 2011; Ertosun et al., 2015; B. C. Luthans et al., 2012, 2013) have been effective. Eat well. 2015;173: 9096. Students use of self-blame (mean), Fig 9. -. A single overall flourishing score provides a global indication of well-being, and at the same time, the domain-specific PERMA scores provide meaningful and practical benefits with regard to the possibility of targeted interventions. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.20070, Billings, A. G., & Moos, R. H. (1984). WebCOVID-19 Coping Strategies. Instruments Psychol. Students are dealing with a variety of social-emotional issues during the COVID-19 pandemic from a lack of basic resources in the home, such as food, a deficit in coping skills, or perhaps a lack of internet access. (2020). Results indicated that PsyCap affected well-being both directly and indirectly through coping strategies. Trauma, recovery, and growth: Positive psychological perspectives on posttraumatic stress. It is this balance of positive and negative emotions that contributes to life satisfaction (Diener & Larsen, 1993), and our findings support the notion that fostering particular positive psychological states (PsyCap), as well as engaging in related coping strategies, promotes well-being in the context of this large-scale crisis. Background: During COVID-19 Additionally, each pillar of PERMA has been shown to be positively associated with physical health, optimal well-being, and life satisfaction and negatively correlated with depression, fatigue, anxiety, perceived stress, loneliness, and negative emotion (Butler & Kern, 2016). These feelings are normal. Grieve those losses, then reframe how you think about these life events. Social distancing regulations were enforced in an attempt to halt virus spread. In this context, positive coping strategies and PsyCap may be increasingly valuable assets for university students to address the psychological challenges associated with this pandemic and to maintain or enhance their well-being. Multivariate multiple regression was carried out to understand the predictive role of PsyCap on PERMA at two time points (before and during COVID-19). Perhaps youre juggling your childrens educational needs as well as your own. Fig 2. The questionnaire included items related to age, gender, race/ethnicity, relationship status, education classification, and employment status. On the other hand, self-blame and behavioral disengagement were two problematic coping strategies that mediated the relationship between optimism and all PERMA elements. A structural equation model of achievement emotions, coping strategies and engagement-burnout in undergraduate students: A possible underlying mechanism in facets of perfectionism. Among adaptive coping strategies, active coping, positive reframing, and using emotional support mediated the relationship between optimism and overall well-being. For the present study, reliability scores were high for four pillarspositive emotion ( = .88), relationships ( = .83), meaning ( = .89), accomplishment ( = .82); high for the subscales of negative emotion ( = .73) and physical health ( = .85); and moderate for the pillar of engagement ( = .65). Cohen, J. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies School child wearing face mask during corona virus and flu outbreak. Int J Environ Res Public Health. Health Psychology Review, 13(2), 137162. The 14 subscales may be broadly classified into two types of responsesadaptive and problematic (Carver, 1997, p. 98). (2012). You want to measure coping but your protocols too long: Consider the Brief COPE. COVID-19 is challenging us to be creative in being emotionally close but socially distant. Webstudents felt a lack of motivation, anxiety, stress, and isolation. The PCQ-12 utilizes a 6-point Likert scale with response options ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree. WebCoping Strategies Used by Student Nurses during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Literature Review. Priscilla Rose Prasath, Peter C. Mather, Christine Suniti Bhat, Justine K. James. The uncertainties arising from COVID-19 have added to anticipatory anxiety regarding the future (Ray, 2019; Witters & Harter, 2020). Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 21(2), 191199. Both courses trained students to respond to chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosives incidents. You can only control your own thoughts, feelings and behaviors. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v8n10p102. Coping strategies that predicted change in PERMA were used for mediation analysis. iGen: Why todays super-connected kids are growing up less rebellious, more tolerant, less happyand completely unprepared for adulthoodand what that means for the rest of us. WebAlly parents are parents of trans* and nonbinary youth across the country who volunteer their time to support young people who may lack or not yet have parental support. National Survey of College Counseling Centers 2014. International Association of Counseling Services, Inc. http://d-scholarship.pitt.edu/28178. The effect size of the change in well-being for PERMA elements was 38%, p2 = .380, a high effect size (Cohen, 1988). sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Correlation analyses (see Table 1) revealed significant and positive correlations between four PsyCap HERO dimensions (i.e., hope, self-efficacy, resilience, and optimism; Avey, Avolio et al., 2011) and the six PERMA elements (i.e., positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, accomplishment, and physical health; Butler & Kern, 2016). https://www.immagic.com/eLibrary/ARCHIVES/GENERAL/ACCA_US/A081007G.pdf, Teixeira RJ, Brando T, Dores AR. Do something physical like dancing. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 1(2), 7382. How Do I Feel Better When The World Is Burning? To conclude, the present findings contribute to existing literature on PsyCap and well-being, using the PERMA model of well-being (Seligman, 2011) among university students in the United States in the context of COVID-19. WebAbstract This study sought to determine risk and protective factors related to COVID-19 pandemic-specific post-traumatic stress disorder in university students. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.2623. Correspondence may be addressed to Priscilla Rose Prasath, 501 W. Cesar E. Chavez Boulevard, Durango Building, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78207, priscilla.prasath@utsa.edu. Behavioral disengagement and self-blame (Carver, 1997) were found to be the dominant avoidant coping strategies that were adopted by students, which led to a significant decrease in well-being during the pandemic. Investigating the current state of emotional responses and coping strategies of nurses and college nursing students in Anhui Province found that women showed more severe anxiety and fear than men and COVID-19 is a pressure source with great influence, both for individuals and for the social public groups. The current study investigated the PERMA model of well-being (Seligman, 2011) with university students before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the relationships between PsyCap (F. Luthans et al., 2007), coping strategies, and well-being of university students. Michaels, P. J., Corrigan, P. W., Kanodia, N., Buchholz, B., & Abelson, S. (2015). COVID-19 has led to global dramatic shifts in daily life. The five pillars of well-being are defined and measured separately but are correlated constructs that together are considered to result in flourishing (Seligman, 2011). Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 306. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00306, Carver, C. S. (1997). Physical health significantly reduced from 6.58 to 5.91. A sudden and far-reaching change in daily functioning caused anxiety, depression, and stress in this group. Coefficients of determination for models predicting well-being from PsyCap dimensions ranged from 4% to 28%. In Poland, the transfer to online teaching was announced without prior warning, which Or maybe youve stayed put and worry about your family. Finkelstein-Fox, L., & Park, C. L. (2019). A similar application was applied to learning English specifically for midwifery students on Flores Island during the covid-19 pandemic. Indirect Effect of Psychological Capital on PERMA Factors Through Coping Strategies (Mediators), Note. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Be sure to address your own concerns separately so you can focus on patients during sessions. Background Coronavirus disease-19 emerged in December 2019. American Psychological Association. to the adversity. Students use of religious coping, Fig 7. You dont have to fix their problems. Such a decline in well-being following a pandemic is consistent with previous occurrences of public health crises or natural disasters (Deaton, 2012). Control-coping goodness-of-fit and chronic illness: A systematic review of the literature. The coping strategy of planning (mean) among students in individual program years (F, Fig 5. Get enough sleep. 405415). The use of LMS in learning activities can be done anywhere. A non-empirical research design was adopted for this study. Do coping strategies play a mediating role in the relationship between PsyCap and well-being. Specifically, adaptive coping strategies played a significant role in enhancing the positive effects of PsyCap on well-being. Assessing coping strategies: A theoretically based approach. Adaptive coping strategiessuch as active coping, acceptance, using emotional support, and positive reframingwere found to better aid in predicting well-being. How to increase and sustain positive emotion: The effects of expressing gratitude and visualizing best possible selves. I find Docmerit to be authentic, easy to use and a community with quality notes and study tips. Conflict of Interest and Funding Disclosure Given the ongoing repercussions of the pandemic, we recommend continued and longitudinal studies on well-being, coping strategies, and PsyCap. Objectives: To explore and describe the coping strategies used by student nurses during COVID-19. The survey link was also distributed via a national counselor education listserv, and it was shared on the authors social media platforms. Luthans, K. W., Luthans, B. C., & Palmer, N. F. (2016). responded. Coping with COVID-19-related stress as Coping in the era of coronavirus: A webinar for students, APA electronic resources available for distance learning, Free Access to the Publication Manual and Other Resources During the Coronavirus Pandemic. If so, please share them using this form. Although mental health distress has been an issue on college campuses prior to the pandemic (Flatt, 2013; Lipson et al., 2019), COVID-19 has and will continue to magnify this phenomenon. Consider recreating important events once its safe. Mental health problems and help-seeking behavior among college students. Nursing education has moved classes online. Strategies and programming to develop wellness can be delivered in one-on-one sessions with students, as well as in group settings, and may have either a prevention or intervention focus. Am J Orthopsychiatry. Annual Review of Psychology, 61, 679704. The impact of COVID-19 on student equity and inclusion: Supporting vulnerable students during school closures and school re-openings 19 November 2020 Abstract A holistic approach to education that addresses students learning, social and emotional needs is crucial, especially in times of crisis. Cut through misinformation by relying on reputable sources like the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and World Health Organization. The predictive role of resilience on positive emotion, accomplishment, negative emotion, and loneliness also became significant during COVID-19. For university students, the pandemic brought about disruptions to life as they knew it. The findings of this study should be considered in light of certain limitations. As a flexible learning method, most schools chose online distance learning (ODL). PMC Babicka-Wirkus A, Kozowski P, Wirkus , Stasiak K. Int J Environ Res Public Health. Students use of self-blame (mean) and sources of expected support during the COVID-19, MeSH Westers recommends trying some of these techniques to help your child cope with back-to-school anxiety during COVID-19: Validate and listen to any concerns. The final two pillars are meaning (M), a sense of purpose in life that is derived from something greater than oneself, and accomplishment (A), a persistent drive that helps one progress toward personal goals and provides one with a sense of achievement in life. Simon & Schuster. These strategies can be harmful and unhealthy with regard to effectively coping with stressors. Support expected during the pandemic:. Worry and stress fuel record drop in U.S. life satisfaction. University Students and Mental Health https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.02.004, Avey, J. Data Analysis Procedure Although the reason for this result is uncertain, it is conceivable that attending to an uncertain future (i.e., hope) and recovering from immediate losses (i.e., resilience) became more salient, and ones self-efficacy in managing normal, everyday challenges receded in importance. Positive psychological capital: Measurement and relationship with performance and satisfaction. COVID-19 and school closures impacted many children and adolescents' mental health and well-being. Web1. Thus, there is potential for counselors to develop well-being promotion initiatives for students on university campuses targeting PsyCap and its constituting positive psychological HERO resources with the end goal of strengthening well-being (Avey, Avolio et al., 2011; F. Luthans et al., 2015; F. Luthans & Youssef-Morgan, 2017). A suffering generation: Six factors contributing to the mental health crisis in North American higher education. In general, problem-focused coping strategies, also known as adaptive coping strategies, include planning, active coping, positive reframing, acceptance, and humor (Carver & Connor-Smith, 2010). Avey, J. Baj-Korpak J, Zaworski K, Szymczuk E, Shpakou A. Int J Environ Res Public Health. Basic self-care will keep your immune system strong and your emotional reserves full. It is very good for your Seligman, M. E. P. (2011). WebOwning Your Feelings & Moving Through Emotional Discomfort. Flourish: A visionary new understanding of happiness and well-being. Thus, in general, internal consistency reliability coefficients tend to be relatively smaller ( = .5 to .9). Instead of worrying about our ambiguous future, focus on solving immediate problems. You might feel unmotivated now. Objectives To assess the psychological distress, anxiety, depression, coping strategies, Therefore, this Web-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among university students from The Career Development International, 16(1), 6081. Two significant challenges to counseling professionals on college campuses are the lack of resources to adequately respond to mental health concerns among students and the stigma associated with accessing services (R. P. Gallagher, 2014; Michaels et al., 2015). In this context, it could be useful to understand issues that people find most concerning and ways in which they cope with stress. The uncertainty about what comes next. This study examined the relationships between psychological capital (PsyCap), coping strategies, and well-being among 609 university students using self-report measures. 2022 Oct 27;19(21):13994. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192113994. Both individual counseling and group-based programming focused on PsyCap and positive coping strategies could support the well-being of university students as they experience ongoing stressors related to the pandemic or as they face other setbacks. WebCoping During Covid-19. McGonigal, J. Counselors could help university students benefit from attending to, appreciating, and attaining lifes positives (Sin & Lyubomirsky, 2009) and from enhancing the strength and frequency of employing positive coping strategies through targeted psychoeducational or counseling interventions. Meyer, M. L., Wagner, D. D., Holtzheimer, P. E., & Campbell, A. T. (2020). Findings are discussed in three areas: reduction in well-being related to COVID-19, shift in predictive roles of PsyCap HERO dimensions, and coping strategies as a mediator. Sheldon and Lyubomirsky (2006) indicated that practicing gratitude helps people to cope with negative situations because it enables them to view such situations through a more positive lens. Clarifying the relation of acculturative stress and anxiety/depressive symptoms: The role of anxiety sensitivity among Hispanic college students. WebAbstract This study sought to determine risk and protective factors related to COVID-19 pandemic-specific post-traumatic stress disorder in university students. Journal of College Student Development, 56(8), 872875. The newly revised approach to foundation skills must deal with this inherent challenge. B., & Everette James, A. The results allow for concluding that the students' maladaptive strategies of coping with stress, especially during the pandemic, may result in long-term consequences for their psychophysiological health and academic achievements. or funding contributions for the development Listen to childrens concerns. There are a number of research-based approaches offered in the field of positive psychology to guide mental health professionals to facilitate development of PsyCap and other important well-being correlates.
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