A simple way of universalizing the measurements is shown in figure 4 where there is a curve at each temperature for every molecular weight. Results and Discussion The microscopic dynamics of proteins are probed in a light scattering experiment. Ioan, C.E. Kuge Takashi; Kimie Kobayashi; Shinichi Kitamura; Hiroshi Tanahashi. Surface morphology study of dextran by scanning electron microscopy showed the porous web like structure. (2001). Transdermal drug delivery system for non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs: a review. Bohdanecky, Miloslav (1996). pp13-21. The skin culture medium was purchased from Biopredic International (Saint-Grgoire, France). The solution was measured using an Anton Paar DMA35N densitometer. Int J Food Sci Nutr. @ Nilimesh See attached. WebThe Stokes radius or StokesEinstein radius of a solute is the radius of a hard sphere that diffuses at the same rate as that solute. These structural differences can significantly affect FITC-dextran delivery due to even after microporation [30]. Dextrans can function efficiently as anterograde or retrograde tracers, Ther. Biotechnology Progress, 19, 544-548. Advances in Carbohydrate Analysis, 1, 63-144. Webdextran hydrodynamic radius. 2022 Feb 22;16(2):1999-2012. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07010. Stenekes, R.J.H. Exp Cell Res. ; Talsma, H.; Hennink, W.E. Ghimici, Luminita; Nichifor, Marieta; Wolf, Bernhard (2009). A solvent at this temperature is called a theta solvent [53]. Interaction Parameter (); Expansion Factor (); Steric Hindrance Factor (); and Shielding Function F(); for the System PEAOrganic Solvents by Intrinsic Viscosity Measurements. As a consequence of the diversity in their origin, the set of classical universal size independent quantities suffers from shortcomings. Harding, Stephen E. (1997). 2013 May;64(3):346-54. doi: 10.3109/09637486.2012.734289. Kam Y, Sacks H, Kaplan KM, Stern M, Levin G. Radio frequency-microchannels for transdermal delivery: characterization of skin recovery and delivery window. The analysis of errors using the Solomon-Ciuta method is compared with HM [59]. WebFluorescent and biotinylated dextrans are routinely employed to trace neuronal projections. The molecular mass of dextran as determined by the gel filtration and copper bicinchoninate method was The most widely applied coatings for FDA-approved SPIONs are dextran and carboxydextran. Cite this article. In addition, we evaluated the regeneration of SC after microporation. Barshtein, G.; Tamir, I.; Yedgar, S. (1998). sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal J. Braz. Pore closure examination was performed using an optical microscope (BX43, Olympus, Japan) immediately (time 0), 4, 8, and 24h following device application. Global hydrodynamic analysis of the molecular flexibility of galactomannans. The Mark-Houwink exponent bears the signature of a three-dimensional configuration of a polymer chain in the solvent environment. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. The relation between Mw and the intrinsic viscosity is given by Mark-Houwink equation. Food Sci Biotechnol. Huang S, Huang G. Preparation and drug delivery of dextran-drug complex. Carbohydrate Polymers 99, 199-207. A few percent of R (13) glucosidic linkages provides side chains which appear to be short. Carbohydrate Research, 340, 811-826. 20K. * shows a significant difference between the M.W. Chem. Data File Dextran. 10K, and c M.W. The Transdermal diffusion cell system (DHC-6TD, LOGAN instrument, USA) was used to assess FITC-dextran permeability in vitro. In a good solvent, a temperature increase results in an intrinsic viscosity decrease and in a less-extended conformation (RH<), because the entropy value increases with an increase in temperature and it is unfavorable for an extended conformation. For rigid macromolecules, it is also conventional to combine a solution property with the volume of the particle itself, or with a quantity directly derived from it [54, 55, 56]. Biological skin substitutes for wound cover and closure. A long-chain polymer molecule in solution takes on a somewhat kinked or curled shape, intermediate between a tightly curled mass (coil) and a rigid linear configuration. The Intrinsic Viscosity of Biological Macromolecules. Article Structure Properties of Dextran. Prausnitz MR, Langer R. Transdermal drug delivery. 2011;5(2):95132. The molecular mass of dextran as determined by the gel filtration and copper bicinchoninate method was approximately, 800 kDa. 2013;3(5):3588605. Ionic Polymers Based on Dextran: Hydrodynamic Properties in Aqueous Solution and Solvent Mixtures. The biological activity of cationic liposomes in drug delivery and toxicity test in animal models. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. Dextran Specifications: Label (Ex/Em): Fluorescein (494/521) Size: 40,000 MW. Keywords: Strategies to improve the potential of transdermal devices by enhancing the skin permeation of therapeutic entities. Walkenhorst, S.; Olivier, R. (2002). The human and pig skin samples were placed in the receiver chamber of the Transdermal diffusion cell system with the SC facing up and the donor chamber was fixed in place. The Solomon-Ciuta single-point method is used for calculating dextran intrinsic viscosity and the error relative is calculated, and %RE respect to Huggins method is >4.18% for 2000kDa, and >2.06% for 8.8kDa (Table 2). FITC-dextran solution was prepared at 1mM in PBS. (2004). Mark-Houwink values confirm that for these conditions dextrans behave as rigid spheres with a tendency at compaction as temperature increases. 8600 Rockville Pike MeSH After 8h, the micropore became more distorted from the previous circle, suggesting that the micropores were closing. Although we didnt conduct assay for inflammation, we could not find any inflammation symptoms such as redness, blisters, cracked, and thickening. 24h after microporation, the pore sizes reduced from 64.8817.20m (0h) to 48.854.27m (24h), and the pore depths reduced from 83.9120.56m (0h) to 63.9527.61m (24h). However, the currently available transdermal systems are limited by low drug permeability across the skin due to the lipophilic barrier function of the stratum corneum (SC), the outermost skin layer of the skin [3,4,5]; the methods favor low molecular mass, and lipophilic molecules, making it difficult to exploit the transdermal route for large and water-soluble molecules such as proteins and peptides. B 113, 8020-8025. Hydrodynamic radii were measured using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) in a Malvern Zetasizer NanoZS DLS (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK) at high scattering angle (173) to minimise the effects of dust and supramolecular contamination (NIBS, 173). Palmuti Braga Vettoria, Mary Helen; Martins Franchetti, Sandra Mara; Contiero, Jonas (2012). Biomater Res 24, 22 (2020). The slope is a value and intercept is equal to the ln kMH value [47]. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of RF microporation technology in vitro, by evaluating the permeation of fluorescent-conjugated dextran (FITC-dextran) of various molecular weights through the human and pig skin after microporation, using a transdermal diffusion cell system. Food Funct. J Appl Toxicol. The effect of branching is best recognized from the molecular weight dependencies of []. Macromolecules, 31, 7712-7716. Pribush, A.; Zilberman-Kravits, D.; Meyerstein, N. (2007). However, the results did not show significant regeneration of micropore compared to previous in vivo studies which reported significant regeneration [25]. Macromolecules, 33, 5730-5739. Dextrans and their derivatives find an interest in clinical applications, as well as excipients in tablets in the pharmaceutical industry [5]. ; Rjumtsev, E.I. Table 1 shows some values of dextrans Mark-Houwink parameters, from literature consulted, where all data are based on the logarithmic plot of intrinsic viscosity [] and molecular weight Mw. Determination of constants, kM-H and a, from the intrinsic viscosity data, requires a series of monodisperse polymer samples with known molecular weight or a series of polydisperse polymer samples with known viscosity average molecular weights, Mv. WebThomas Gutberlet works at Jlich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-2), Forsch and is well known for Lipoteichoic Acid, Neutron Reflectometry and Neutron Reflectivity. Drug deliv. Singh TRR, Garland MJ, Cassidy CM, Migalska K, Demir YK, Ryan SAE, Woolfson D, Donnelly RF. Table 2 compares the properties of nanoparticles coated with one or other polymer. 2012;9(2):14754. Many works are aimed at determining molecular weights [1, 7, 26], hydrodynamic radius, among other parameters for characterizing the physics and chemistry properties of dextran in solution. Viscosity of Liquids. To confirm the extent of skin damage and regeneration after microporation, porations were performed 2, 5, and 10 times. International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 277, 99-104. Dextran is a branched polysaccharide, composed of -D-glucopyranosyl residues. If there are particles in the sample, the incident laser light gets scattered in all directions. 1984;17(6):11703. (2008). Search a Microscopy images of micropore and b quantified data using ImageJ after 0 (immediately), 4, 8, and 24h according to the number of times microproration was done (n=150, *: p<0.05). The mechanism of the dextran-induced red blood cell Aggregation. Home > 2022 > Junho > 22 > Uncategorized > dextran hydrodynamic radius. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Harding, S. E.; Varum, K.; Stoke B.; Smidsrod, O. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Keratinocytes adjacent to the wound site induced by the microporation in the epidermis undergo a series of modifications that allow their proliferation and migration to the wound. Learn More. Trop J Pharm Res. Figure5 shows the cumulative amount of the FITC-dextran (M.W. 7 8 The important role of thermodynamic interaction parameter in the determination of theta temperature, dextran/water system. The lack of data on the uniformity of intrinsic viscosity measurements in the system water/dextran, highlights the significant influence of the solvent and temperature [74]. of different origins. The results are shown to be in good agreement with available hydrodynamic models for spherical solutes in cylindrical pores with the effective solute to pore size ratio evaluated using a partitioning model which implicitly In Vitro Evaluation of Postbiotics Produced from Bacterial Isolates Obtained from Rainbow Trout and Nile Tilapia against the Pathogens, Dextran-Mimetic Quantum Dots for Multimodal Macrophage Imaging, Isolation of lactic acid bacteria starters from, Characterization of Antibacterial Cell-Free Supernatant from Oral Care Probiotic. Bookshelf The fast increasing of these polyglucosans for medical, industrial and research purposes motivated a survey of the types obtainable. Covis, Rudy; Ladaviere, Catherine; Desbrieres, Jacques; Marie, Emmanuelle; Durand, Alain. Dynamic light scattering study confirmed the mono-disperse nature of dextran with hydrodynamic radius of 900 nm. Analytes and stationary phase with Universal Calibration Relative Measurement Concentration and MW detector: RI + Viscometer Relationship between hydrodynamic volume (MW*intrinsic viscosity) and elution volume Multiple detection eCollection 2015. 4K, 10K, and 20K) permeated through the human, and pig skin after microporation. Conversely, fluorescein sodium was the compound selected to model hydrophilic, low MW drugs. As well as being able to measure hydrodynamic radius in the Zetasizer (if you have access to one), it's also provided with a calculator that allows Figure3 shows a magnified image of human cadaver skin with microchannels formed by the microporation device (250kHz) and the skin closure over time. Pharmacol Pharm. The solution viscosity () is related to the solvent viscosity (o), resulting in the relative viscosity. The values of Mark-Houwink parameters could be universalized with certain precautions, being an indication for the calculation of molecular weight in the temperature range of 20-40C. WebLabeled dextrans are hydrophilic polysaccharides most commonly used in microscopy studies to monitor cell division, track the movement of live cells, and to report the Microporation was performed 2 times on each sample. 2015;23(3):2239. ; Weisz, J. (more or less, with a hydrodynamic radius of less than 100 nm) to cross from the vasculature into the interstitium. Accueil; Solution; Tarif; PRO; Mon compte; France; Accueil; Solution; Tarif; PRO; Mon compte Pig skins (Micropig Franz cell membrane) were supplied by Medi Kinetics Co., Ltd. (Pyeongtaek, Korea). Pharmaceut Sci Tech. 10% neutral buffered formalin was purchased from Hisko (Gunpo, Korea). For 40 kDa molecules, the hydrodynamic diameter d h ~8 nm is much smaller than the collagen mesh size [33,41]. where c is the solute concentration (g/cm3), [] is the intrinsic viscosity (cm3/g), and kH represents Huggins constants (cm3/g). Kasaai, M. R.; Arul, J.; Charlet, G. (2000). These results could be attributed to the differences in the in vivo and in vitro skin nutrients supply; with in vivo studies, the skin tissue is supplied nutrients directly from the blood vessels, but the human cadaver skin is supplied from the media, therefore, the skin tissue regeneration efficiency is low [26,27,28]. Table 5 shows the data of Mark-Houwink parameters determined in figure 4 from linear regressions with 2 values higher than 0.9797. WebTry out PMC Labs and tell us what you think. Studies carried out at different ionic strength you can see them in the references [64, 65] and works with different solvents in the references [66, 67]. Fractional thermolysis by bipolar radiofrequency facilitates cutaneous delivery of peptide and siRNA with minor loss of barrier function. Based on these results a difference of approximately 1015% between the amounts of drugs permeated through the human skin and pig skin models should be considered during human clinical trials. Proc of SPIE. Transdermal drug delivery is an attractive alternative that addresses the limitations of oral and parenteral routes of drug administration; it enables controlled release and long-term systemic drug delivery through the skin, avoids hepatic first-pass effect, avoids gastrointestinal drug degradation, reduces discomfort and trauma resulting from hypodermic injections, and prevents safety hazards associated with dangerous medical waste from needles [1, 2]. FITC-dextran solution (600L) was added to the donor chamber. Carbohydrate Polymers 95 360-365. The values of Mark-Houwink parameters universalized for the range of working temperatures are the following: 0.4267 for a*, and 0.1455 cm3/g for k*M-H, with 2 of 0.9399. ; Ghosh, T.K. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted 2003;10:33847. Biophysical Journal, 27, 177-181. The Viscosity of Dilute Solutions of Long-Chain Molecules. Dextran standards with sequence molecular weight from 8.8, 40, 71.9, 110, 200, 580 and 2000 kDa were utilized for the plot of calibration curve. Theory, Estimation, Experiment, and Data. Determination of intrinsic viscosities of macromolecules and nanoparticles. Carbohydrate Polymers 72, 356-360. Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC), a common phenomenon that can produce local excessive temperature, high pressure and large amount of energy. FITC-derivatives have been used for a variety of biological applications for more than 40 yeras. A novel high dextran yielding Weissella cibaria JAG8 for cereal food application. Transdermal delivery of FITC-Dextrans with different molecular weights using radiofrequency microporation, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-020-00201-7, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. The hydrodynamic radius is important in predicting transretinal penetration Carroll PJ. After 24h, the cumulative permeation of FITC-dextran M.W. Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea, LG electronics, 19 Yangjae-daero 11-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06772, Republic of Korea, You can also search for this author in Drug Deliv. 2004;25(9):155967. Chem. Solution properties of branched dextran. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-020-00201-7, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-020-00201-7. 2. The hydrodynamic 57 radius of the dextranase is 7 statement and 2009;6(4):34354. WebThis value is sensible given that i j = 0 and that the search radius of the clustering algorithm is slightly larger than the average segment length of our Dextran model (b 5.5 nm). (1991). A sugar cane native dextran as an innovative functional excipient for the development of pharmaceutical tablets. Radiofrequency is a well-known medical technique with expanded application in electrosurgery for laparoscopic medical procedures and in dermatology, for sebaceous glands ablation in acne treatment [12, 13], and treatment of photoaging skin symptoms, including wrinkles and hyperpigmentation [14]. In the range of working temperatures and molecular weights of dextrans, similar intrinsic viscosity results obtained by other researchers and published here are slight, as shown in tables 1 and 3. Biomaterials. At 25C both values of a and kM-H are within the range reported by [3, 8, 16]. Pure Appl. Formul. California Privacy Statement, Antoniou, E.; Buitrago, C. F.; Tsianou, M.; Alexandridis, P. (2010). Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 27, 795-810. Markiertes Dextran wird hufig per Mikroinjektion in die Zellen eingebracht. 1994, 95-0355. Expert Rev Med Devices. Sung-Wook Choi. 2009;301(8):60913. and transmitted securely. where (poise) is the viscosity, the (g/cm3) fluid density, and t the liquid draining time (s) subscript zero is referred to solvent, and without subscript is referred to the solution [40], and inherent viscosity is i = r -1. Chem. Intrinsic viscosities of polyelectrolytes in the absence and in the presence of extra salt: Consequences of the stepwise conversion of dextran into a polycation. Carbohydrate Polymers 88 373-381. The Mark-Houwink parameters is calculated molecular weights range from 8.8 to 200kDa. Progr. Drug Discov Today Technol. Actually, everything depends on solvent you want to use and temperature. If you want to know gyration (Rg)or hydrodynamic (Rh) radius, you should For a values from 0-0.5 a rigid sphere is predicted in a ideal solvent, from 0.5-0.8 a random coil in good solvent, and from 0.8-2 a rigid or rod like shape is expected (stiff chain). Figure1 shows a schematic illustration of transdermal delivery after the application of the microporation device. Rheology of dextran solutions. The flattening of the curves at higher molecular weight is in agreement with an increased branching density. The first term on the left-hand side of equation 2 (i/c) has a linear relation as a function of the concentration (c in g/cm3), where is the intrinsic viscosity [] is given by (c0) [42, 43]. (2003). It has been found that, when applied to water treatment, it can effectively act on refractory organic matter in wastewater through thermal decomposition and water molecular action to produce free Dextran (DX) is one type of EPS synthesized by LAB in the presence of sucrose (R g), radius of hydrodynamic (R h), polymer conformation parameter ( = R g /R h), intrinsic viscosity ([]), Mark-Houwink coefficient () and branching degree of DXs of RPYs prepared under different conditions. The same way, many of these authors emphasize the non-linear or hyperbranched of dextran molecular weight range from 9 to 2000kDa [3,5,8,16, 37,38]. Materiaux 1-5. WebIn this work, hydrodynamic properties are investigated in different dextran aqueous solutions with different molecular weights (8.8-2000kDa), in a temperature range from 20C to 50C. Castellanos Gil, E. E.; Iraizoz Colarte, A.; El Ghzaoui, A.; Durand, D.; Delarbre, J.L. Fixable: Fixable via Lysine. Chromatographic characterization of polymers: Hyphenated and multidimensional techniques. Corp. (Seoul, Korea). Typical examples are the classical size-independent combinations like the Flory parameter, which that combine the intrinsic viscosity, [], and the gyration radius, Rg: These quantities have been proposed along the years, by different eminent scientists, after whom they are named. Careers. Figure2 shows TEWL values measured before and immediately following the treatment of human cadaver skin with the microporation device. Google Scholar. The cumulative permeation of FITC-dextran 10 K was 4.82 0.32 M, in the human skin and 5.92 0.46 M in the pig skin. The skin was treated with the RF-based microporation device, inducing micropore ablation through alternating electrical current. J. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Critical parameters for gel permeation This method utilizes promising strategies that have made a significant impact in transdermal delivery [6], they include: iontophoresis, microneedles, sonophoresis, radiofrequency (RF), and chemical enhancers [7,8,9,10,11]. Synthesis and characterization of blue dextrans. Lee WR, Shen SC, Sun CK, Aljuffali IA, Suen SY, Lin YK, Wang JJ, Fang JY. Thus, it is accepted that, for every flexible-chain polymer in a (ideal) solvent, there is a universal value of 0 = 2.1-2.5x1023mol-1 [52]. Schematic illustration of transdermal delivery after the application of the microporation device. Intrinsic viscosity determination offers a simple and useful method that requires low cost equipment and yields useful information on soluble macromolecules. Polymer molecular weight distribution. By studying the molecular weights of various solutions of polymer, Solomon-Ciuta arrived at the formula which allowed the calculation of the intrinsic viscosity of polymer solutions by a single viscosity determination. Herwadkar A, Banga AK. Polysaccharides-based nanoparticles as drug delivery systems. Carbohydrate Polymers, 38, 267-271. Viscosity of aqueous solutions of polysaccharides and hydrophobically modified polysaccharides: Application of Fedors equation. Recent developments in polysaccharide-based materials used as adsorbents in wastewater treatment. Ultimately they concluded that the temperature increment found to be an effective force in disturbing these interactions, mainly between polymer-polymer and polymer-solvent molecules for the used system. (2008). However, considering the trauma and unethical practices associated with animal experiments, in vitro studies with human cadaver skin offers an ethical and viable alternative. Immediately after 2, 5, and 10 times microporations, 97.1432.39, 80.5715.51, and 82.3916.49m sizes of micropores were formed on the skin, respectively. Ind. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 38, 2591-2598. European Polymer Journal, 42, 1086-1092. (2013). Analytical Chemistry. The effectiveness of the RF microporation technique in transdermal drug delivery of macromolecules and hydrophilic agents such as peptides, hormones, and vaccines has been demonstrated extensively in previous studies [16,17,18]. Dextran molecular size and degree of branching as a function of sucrose concentration, pH, and temperature of reaction of. This universalization of the parameters leads to a higher error ratio in the calculation of the respective molecular weights. For a given polymer-solvent pair, the theta condition is satisfied at a certain temperature, called the theta () temperature or theta point. Alternatives to animal testing: a review. After the pore closure examination, each sample was stored in a 10% neutral buffered formalin awaiting haematoxylin/eosin (H&E) staining. These vibrations heat the skin tissue, triggering water vapor and cell ablation, forming microchannels from the SC through to the outer dermis. This study was supported by the LG Electronics. Recent Pat. Multiple Linear Least-Squares Fits with a Common Intercept: Determination of the Intrinsic Viscosity of Macromolecules in Solution. 2018;1:10915. 2015;32(5):170413. An undergraduate physical chemistry experiment. Challenges in analysis of high-molar mass dextrans: Comparison of HPSEC, AsFlFFF and DOSY NMR spectroscopy. WebAccording to the above theoretical analysis for the micro-roughness contact model, the relationship between the hydrodynamic pressure (HP) and the contact pressure (CP) is shown in Fig. In this work, hydrodynamic properties are investigated in different dextran aqueous solutions with different molecular weights (8.8-2000kDa), in a temperature range from 20C to 50C. WebThe study of biopolymers as dextran in aqueous solution, is effectively determined by intrinsic viscosity [] measurements at different temperatures. J. Phys. (1999). These constants can be determined experimentally by measuring the intrinsic viscosity of several polymer samples for which the molecular weight has been determined by an independent method (i.e. After 24h the micropores were either closed or reduced further to smaller sizes, 37.5020.41, 50.5718.07, and 58.5814.99m, for 2, 5, and 10 times microporation, respectively.
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