citations and headings (vi) Certain Type 1 and Type 27A cutting-off wheels. (i) Point of operation devices shall protect the operator by: (a) Preventing and/or stopping normal stroking of the press if the operator's hands are inadvertently placed in the point of operation; or, (b) Preventing the operator from inadvertently reaching into the point of operation, or withdrawing his hands if they are inadvertently located in the point of operation, as the dies close; or, (c) Preventing the operator from inadvertently reaching into the point of operation at all times; or, (e) Requiring application of both of the operator's hands to machine operating controls and locating such controls at such a safety distance from the point of operation that the slide completes the downward travel or stops before the operator can reach into the point of operation with his hands; or, (f) Enclosing the point of operation before a press stroke can be initiated, and maintaining this closed condition until the motion of the slide had ceased; or. Control elements shall be checked for correct status after power on and before the initial PSDI stroke. OSHA intends that PSDI continue to be prohibited where present state-of-the-art technology will not allow it to be done safely. 1910.1047 Ethylene oxide. No one should ever climb over or crawl under a conveyor and NEVER ride on or otherwise use a conveyor for transportation. 1910.334 Use of equipment. The route followed by the oiler is protected in such manner as to prevent accident. a. Appendix C to Subpart I of Part 1910Personal Fall Protection Systems Non-Mandatory Guidelines This exposure shall begin at a point not more than 65 above the horizontal plane of the wheel spindle. (27) Automatic feeding means feeding wherein the material or part being processed is placed within or removed from the point of operation by a method or means not requiring action by an operator on each stroke of the press. Couplings. 1. 1910.21 Scope and definitions. If you have comments or suggestions on how to improve the www.ecfr.gov website or have questions about using www.ecfr.gov, please choose the 'Website Feedback' button below. 6. (47) Repeat means an unintended or unexpected successive stroke of the press resulting from a malfunction. Failure to observe these rules might cause excessive flange pressure around the hole of the wheel. The OSHA-recognized third-party validation organization shall conduct tests, and/or review and evaluate the employer's installation tests, documentation and representations. The variance in flange diameters, the adaptor nut being less than one-third wheel diameter, and the use of side pressure in wheel operation limits the use to reinforced organic bonded wheels. (c) The safety distance (Dm) between the two hand trip and the point of operation shall be greater than the distance determined by the following formula: Dm = minimum safety distance (inches); 63 inches/second = hand speed constant; Tm = the maximum time the press takes for the die closure after it has been tripped (seconds). The Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (eCFR) is a continuously updated online version of the CFR. Adjustable guard to be used for starting engine or for running adjustment may be provided at the flywheel of gas or oil engines. b. If a hearing is requested, it shall be held before an administrative law judge of the Department of Labor pursuant to the rules specified in 29 CFR part 1905, subpart C. c. The parties shall be OSHA and the recognized validation organization. The maximum angular exposure above the horizontal plane of the wheel spindle as specified in paragraphs (b) (3) and (4) of this section shall never be exceeded, and the distance between the wheel periphery and the adjustable tongue or the end of the peripheral member at the top shall never exceed one-fourth inch. Scrap cutters used in conjunction with scrap handling systems shall be safeguarded in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section and with 1910.219. Where more than one interruption of the light sensing field is used in the initiation of a stroke, either the mode selection means must have one position for each function, or a separate selection means shall be provided which becomes operable when the PSDI mode is selected. If the validation organization has been recognized for more than one year, meets the requirements for expansion of recognition, and there is no evidence that the recognized validation organization has not been following the requirements of this appendix and the letter of recognition, an expansion will normally be granted. (13) Cutting off wheels means wheels having diameter thickness and hole size dimensions and are subject to all limitations of mounting and use listed for type 1 wheels, the definition in subparagraph (1) of this paragraph and paragraph (d) of 1910.215. The maximum angular exposure of the grinding wheel periphery and sides for safety guards used on cylindrical grinding machines shall not exceed 180. Unused keyways shall be filled up or covered. Allow OSHA to conduct unscheduled reviews or on-site audits of it or the validating laboratories on matters relevant to PSDI, and cooperate in the conduct of these reviews and audits; 2. In the second stage, the OSHA-recognized third-party validation organization validates that the PSDI safety system meets the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.217 (a) through (h) and this appendix A and the manufacturer's certification by reviewing the manufacturer's design and test data and performing any additional reviews required by this standard or which it believes appropriate. (51) Slide means the main reciprocating press member. (3) Auxiliary equipment. (See Figures O-10 and O-11 and subparagraph (9) of this paragraph. 1910.169 Air receivers. Mounts which are affixed to the wheel by the manufacturer shall not be reused. 1910.112-1910.113 [Reserved] The Federal Register notice of preliminary decision will provide a period of not less than 60 calendar days for the written comments on the applicant's fulfillment of the requirements for recognition. Visors or other accessory equipment shall not be included as a part of the guard when measuring the guard opening, unless such equipment has strength equal to that of the guard. All mills irrespective of the size of the rolls or their arrangement (individually or group-driven) shall be stopped within a distance, as measured in inches of surface travel, not greater than 112 percent of the peripheral no-load surface speeds of the respective rolls as determined in feet per minute. (1) Each circular hand-fed ripsaw shall be guarded by a hood which shall completely enclose that portion of the saw above the table and that portion of the saw above the material being cut. Die keys and shims shall be made from a grade of material that will not unduly crack or splinter. The procedures shall be based on pertinent OSHA standards and test methods, or other publicly available standards and test methods generally recognized as appropriate in the field, such as national consensus standards or published standards of professional societies or trade associations. 1910.1008 bis-Chloromethyl ether. FAR). B. Analytical methods may be used in lieu of, in combination with, or in support of tests to satisfy specification requirements. switch to drafting.ecfr.gov. 1910.137 Electrical protective equipment. 3. 1910.1004 alpha-Naphthylamine. (10) Air controlling equipment. Appendix D to Subpart L of Part 1910Availability of Publications Incorporated by Reference in Section 1910.156 Fire Brigades (iii) Type of clutch used on the press (full revolution, part revolution, or direct drive). The requirements of paragraph (f)(1) of this section shall also apply to hot trimming presses. All exposed parts of horizontal shafting seven (7) feet or less from floor or working platform, excepting runways used exclusively for oiling, or running adjustments, shall be protected by a stationary casing enclosing shafting completely or by a trough enclosing sides and top or sides and bottom of shafting as location requires. 2 Adapted from U.S. Department of Agriculture Technical Bulletin 479. (3) Guards for horizontal overhead belts. (6) Each operating treadle shall be covered by an inverted U-shaped metal guard, fastened to the floor, and of adequate size to prevent accidental tripping. (3) Tail rods or extension piston rods. (2) Each hand-fed circular ripsaw shall be furnished with a spreader to prevent material from squeezing the saw or being thrown back on the operator. The spindle speed of the machine shall be checked before mounting of the wheel to be certain that it does not exceed the maximum operating speed marked on the wheel. The control system shall require that each sensing field be interrupted the selected number of times prior to initiating a stroke. In overhead silent chain-drive guards where the chain is held from lateral displacement on the sprockets, the side clearances required on drives of twenty (20) inch centers or under shall be not less than one-fourth inch from the nearest moving chain part, and on drives of over twenty (20) inch centers a minimum of one-half inch from the nearest moving chain part. 1910.504Mini Respiratory Protection Program. (vi) The presence sensing device location shall either be set at each tool change and set-up to provide at least the minimum safety distance, or fixed in location to provide a safety distance greater than or equal to the minimum safety distance for all tooling set-ups which are to be used on that press. (See Figures O-6 and O-7 and paragraph (b)(9) of this section. Such mesh or perforated metal shall be not less than 0.037 inch (U.S. Gage No. (8) Hinged saw tables shall be so constructed that the table can be firmly secured in any position and in true alignment with the saw. OSHA does not have a standard that sets a maximum limit on how much weight a person may lift or carry. 1910.111 Storage and handling of anhydrous ammonia. The scale shall be marked to indicate that brake adjustment and/or replacement is required. It is not an official legal edition of the CFR. 1910.1015 4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene. The application for expansion will be acted upon and processed by OSHA in accordance with subsection I.B. 1910.160 Fixed extinguishing systems, general. The regular oilers shall wear tight-fitting clothing. All d.c. control circuits shall be powered by not more than a nominal 240-volt d.c. supply isolated from any higher voltages. Lubrication. (vi) A holdout or a restraint device shall protect the operator as specified in paragraph (c)(3)(i)(c) of this section and shall include attachments for each of the operator's hands. (1) Forging means the product of work on metal formed to a desired shape by impact or pressure in hammers, forging machines (upsetters), presses, rolls, and related forming equipment. (ii) A die enclosure guard shall be attached to the die shoe or stripper in a fixed position. 1910.110 Storage and handling of liquefied petroleum gases. (42) Liftout means the mechanism also known as knockout. If the belt is of the endless type or laced with rawhide laces, and a belt shifter is not desired, the belt will be considered guarded if the nip point of the belt and pulley is protected by a nip point guard located in front of the cone extending at least to the top of the largest step of the cone, and formed to show the contour of the cone in order to give the nip point of the belt and pulley the maximum protection. (iii) Where brake engagement and clutch release is effected by spring action, such spring(s) shall operate in compression on a rod or within a hole or tube, and shall be of non-interleaving design. a. 1910.183 Helicopters. Operation of the Inch operating means engages the driving clutch so that a small portion of one stroke or indefinite stroking can occur, depending upon the length of time the Inch operating means is held operated. 1910.5 Applicability of standards. (ii) The spindle end, nut, and outer flange may be exposed on machines designed as portable saws. C. Analyses may be used for certification/validation when existing data are available or when test is not feasible. (ii) A pad with a nonslip contact area shall be firmly attached to the pedal. In addition, the brake monitor shall be adjusted during installation certification to prevent successive stroking of the press if increases in stopping time cause an increase in the safety distance above that required by paragraph (h)(9)(v) of this section. [39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, as amended at 43 FR 49750, Oct. 24, 1978; 49 FR 5323, Feb. 10, 1984]. Navigate by entering citations or phrases 1910.505Severability. Mechanical and electrical equipment and auxiliaries shall be installed in accordance with this section and subpart S of this part. (i) Every point of operation guard shall meet the following design, construction, application, and adjustment requirements: (a) It shall prevent entry of hands or fingers into the point of operation by reaching through, over, under or around the guard; (b) It shall conform to the maximum permissible openings of Table O-10; (c) It shall, in itself, create no pinch point between the guard and moving machine parts; (d) It shall utilize fasteners not readily removable by operator, so as to minimize the possibility of misuse or removal of essential parts; (e) It shall facilitate its inspection, and. Appendix B to Subpart L of Part 1910National Consensus Standards This diagram shows the accepted safe openings between the bottom edge of a guard and feed table at various distances from the danger line (point of operation). 7, 1996]. All sprocket wheels and chains shall be enclosed unless they are more than seven (7) feet above the floor or platform. (2) Vertical and inclined belts (paragraphs (e) (3) and (4) of this section) if not more than two and one-half (212) inches wide and running at a speed of less than one thousand (1,000) feet per minute, and if free from metal lacings or fastenings may be guarded with a nip-point belt and pulley guard. In powerplants only the lower run of the belt need be guarded. Workplace Violence. (iii) Cast steel, or structural steel, safety guards as specified in Figures O-36 and O-37 and Table O-9 shall be used where operating speeds of wheels are faster than 8,000 surface feet per minute up to a maximum of 16,000 surface feet per minute. (7) Type 27A depressed center, cutting-off wheels mean wheels having diameter, thickness, and hole size dimensions. (4) Power controls and operating controls should be located within easy reach of the operator while he is at his regular work location, making it unnecessary for him to reach over the cutter to make adjustments. [39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, as amended at 39 FR 41846, Dec. 3, 1974; 53 FR 8353, Mar. (3) Cylinder draining. The manufacturer's recommended minimum lining depth shall be identified and documented, and an evaluation made that the minimum depth will not be exceeded before the next (annual) recertification/revalidation. (41) Knockout means a mechanism for releasing material from either die. If the increase in press stopping time exceeds the brake monitor setting limit defined in paragraph (h)(5)(iii), the test shall be considered unsuccessful, and the cause of the excessive stopping time shall be investigated. Industrial/MRO/Safety; Safety & Security; Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) . For flywheels with smooth rims five (5) feet or less in diameter, where the preceding methods cannot be applied, the following may be used: A disk attached to the flywheel in such manner as to cover the spokes of the wheel on the exposed side and present a smooth surface and edge, at the same time providing means for periodic inspection. (7) Power-driven guillotine veneer cutters, other than continuous trimmers, shall be provided, in addition to the brake or other stopping mechanism, with an emergency device which will prevent the machine from operating in the event of failure of the brake when the starting mechanism is in the nonstarting position. (ii) Maximum hole size for cutting-off wheels should not be larger than 14-wheel diameter. When more than one wheel is mounted between a single set of flanges, wheels may be cemented together or separated by specially designed spacers. (iv) Prevents the initiation of a stroke, or stops of stroke in progress, when there is an intrusion through the sensing field by any part of the operator's body or by any other object. The vertical clearance in passageways between the floor and power transmission beams, ceiling, or any other objects, is not less than five feet six inches (5 ft. 6 in.). Such stopping distances shall be subject to engineering determination. 1910.211 Definitions. The sides of the lower exposed portion of the blade shall be guarded to the full diameter of the blade by a device that will automatically adjust itself to the thickness of the stock and remain in contact with stock being cut to give maximum protection possible for the operation being performed. (ii) Belt shifter and clutch handles shall be rounded and be located as far as possible from danger of accidental contact, but within easy reach of the operator. When required by paragraph (c)(5) of this section, the control system shall be constructed so that a failure within the system does not prevent the normal stopping action from being applied to the press when required, but does prevent initiation of a successive stroke until the failure is corrected. The employer shall certify that the PSDI safety system has been design certified and validated, that the installation meets the operational and environmental requirements specified by the manufacturer, that the installation drawings are accurate, and that the installation meets the requirements of 29 CFR 1910.217 (a) through (h) and this appendix A. Filing office location. 1910.242 Hand and portable powered tools and equipment, general. Appendix C to Subpart L of Part 1910Fire Protection References For Further Information Publication. The manufacturer's recommended procedures for maintenance and inspection should be closely followed. The employer shall establish and follow an inspection program having a general component and a directed component. 7. (12) For all circular saws where conditions are such that there is a possibility of contact with the portion of the saw either beneath or behind the table, that portion of the saw shall be covered with an exhaust hood, or, if no exhaust system is required, with a guard that shall be so arranged as to prevent accidental contact with the saw. (i) Vertical and inclined belts shall be enclosed by a guard conforming to standards in paragraphs (m) and (o) of this section. Object sensitivity describes the capability of a presence sensing device to detect an object in the sensing field, expressed as the linear measurement of the smallest interruption which can be detected at any point in the field. Hangers shall be inspected to make certain that all supporting bolts and screws are tight and that supports of hanger boxes are adjusted properly. This requirement shall apply only to those clutch/brake air-valve controls manufactured and installed on or after August 31, 1971, but shall not apply to machines intended only for continuous, automatic feeding applications. (ii) Inspection shall be made of belts, lacings, and fasteners and such equipment kept in good repair. (iii) The employer shall provide die stops or other means to prevent losing control of the die while setting or removing dies in presses which are inclined. Validation for Design Certification/Validation. The manufacturer shall submit to the validation organization the technical analysis such as Hazard Analysis, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis, Stress Analysis, Component and Material Selection Analysis, Fluid Compatability, and/or other analyses which may be necessary to demonstrate, compliance with the following requirements: Sections 1910.217(h)(8) (i) and (ii); (h)(2) (ii) and (iii); (h)(3)(i) (A) and (C), and (ii); (h)(5) (i), (ii) and (iii); (h)(6) (i), (iii), (iv), (vi), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x), (xi), (xiii), (xiv), (xv), (xvi), and (xvii); (h)(7) (i) and (ii); (h)(9) (iv), (v), (viii), (ix) and (x); (h)(10) (i) and (ii). (iv) Light curtains used for PSDI operation shall have minimum object sensitivity not to exceed one and one-fourth inches (31.75 mm). Types 27 and 28 wheels, because of their shape, require specially designed adaptors. Brakes which are the adjustable type shall be adjusted properly before the test. Mines. user convenience only and is not intended to alter agency intent 1910.38 Emergency action plans. The ground shall be provided through use of a separate ground wire and polarized plug and receptacle. (iii) Suitable reinforcement shall be provided for the ceiling rafters or overhead floor beams, where such is necessary, to sustain safely the weight and stress likely to be imposed by the guard. Analysis: We suggest conveyor safety nets and other safe guards for overhead conveyors, even those with relatively light loads, unless the conveyor is guarded by location. The cleaning chamber shall have doors or guards to protect operators. (43) Operator's station means the complete complement of controls used by or available to an operator on a given operation for stroking the press. (2) The opening in the table shall be kept as small as possible. 1910.147 The control of hazardous energy (lockout/tagout). The guard shall automatically adjust itself to cover the unused portion of the head and shall remain in contact with the material at all times. When a bushing is used in the wheel hole it shall not exceed the width of the wheel and shall not contact the flanges. (2) Saws. All pressure vessels used in conjunction with power presses shall conform to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers Code for Pressure Vessels, 1968 Edition, which is incorporated by reference as specified in 1910.6. The certification/validation of safety systems for PSDI shall consider the press, controls, safeguards, operator, and environment as an integrated system which shall comply with all of the requirements in 29 CFR 1910.217 (a) through (h) and this appendix A. The integrated test specifications and procedures shall be made available to the validation organization. 1. (b) The performance of combined subsystems meets OSHA's operational requirements. a. (2) Veneer clippers shall have automatic feed or shall be provided with a guard which will make it impossible to place a finger or fingers under the knife while feeding or removing the stock. (4) Each hand-fed jointer with horizontal cutting head shall have a guard which will cover the section of the head back of the gage or fence. The safety factor and/or derated percentage shall be specifically noted and complied with. 1910.243 Guarding of portable powered tools. The dates of the period of recognition will be stated in the recognition letter. The adjustments shall be made before performing the stopping time measurements required by paragraphs (h)(2)(ii), (h)(5)(iii), and (h)(9)(v) of this section. (1) Veneer slicer knives shall be guarded to prevent accidental contact with knife edge, at both front and rear. (31) Foot pedal means the foot operated lever designed to operate the mechanical linkage that trips a full revolution clutch. Fixing of selection shall be by means capable of supervision by the employer. Name of manufacturer and catalog or model number of each subsystem or major component.
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